Speech Recognition in the Automobile
نویسندگان
چکیده
Acknowledgments Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: The SPHINX Speech Recognition System 1 2 3 5 2.1 Signal Processing ............................ 5 2.2 Clustering and Vector Quantization ..................... 6 2.3 Hidden Markov Models .......................... 7 2.4 Speech Unit ............................... 7 Chapter 3: The Motorola Car Database and AN4 Database 8 3.1 The Motorola Car Database ........................ 8 3.2 The AN4 Database ............................ 9 3.3 Summary ................................ 9 Chapter 4: Noise Characteristics in the Automobile 11 4.1 Noise Sources ............................. 11 4.1.1 Running Noise .......................... 11 4.1.2 Functional Noise ......................... 15 4.1.3 Outer Noise ........................... 17 4.2 Summary ............................... 17 Chapter 5: Speech Recognition in Adverse Environments: Previous Work 18 5.1 Auditory-Based Front Ends ....................... 18 5.2 Noise and Noise-Word Models ...................... 18 5.3 Cepstral Mean Normalization and the RASTA Method ............. 19 5.4 The CDCN Algorithm ......................... 19 5.5 Speech Recognition in the Car Environment ................. 22 5.6 Summary ............................... 23 Chapter 6: Recognition in the Motorola Car Database Task 24 6.1 Baseline System ............................ 24 6.2 Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients .................... 25 6.3 Environmental Compensation Algorithms .................. 26 6.3.1 Cepstral Mean Normalization .................... 26 6.3.2 CDCN ............................. 27 6.3.3 Combination of Cepstral Mean Normalization and CDCN ......... 28 6.4 Histogram-based CDCN ......................... 29 6.5 Summary ............................... 31 Chapter 7: Noise Cancellation for Car Radio 32 7.1 Collection of Stereo Data ........................ 32 7.2 Adaptive Noise Cancellation ....................... 32 7.3 Recognition Results .......................... 34 7.4 Summary ............................. 35 Chapter 8: Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Work 36 8.1 Conclusions .............................. 36 8.2 Suggestions for Future Work ....................... 37 References 39
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